Prevalencia y manejo de condilomas en población consultante en Chile: estudio "DIACON" / Prevalence and management of condylomas in consulting population in Chile: "DIACON study"

Resumen Introducción: Los condilomas o verrugas genitales (VG) son la infección de transmisión sexual (ITS) más diagnosticada en los centros de ITS en Chile, pero no existen estadísticas poblacionales. Objetivos: Describir la prevalencia de VG en pacientes de 18-60 años que acuden a consulta ambulatoria de dermatología, ginecología y urología; características demográficas de los pacientes y prácticas de diagnóstico y tratamiento. Material y Métodos: A una muestra de especialistas chilenos estratificados por región, población y sexo de pacientes se les proporcionó un diario de registro y aplicó un cuestionario. Resultados: Prevalencia VG grupo total: 2,4%; en grupo etario 18-34 años: 3,7%; en grupo etario 35-60 años: 1,29% (p = 0,0000). La edad media de los pacientes con VG fue 29,4 años en mujeres y 32,7 años en hombres (p = 0,019); la distribución por edad fue diferente según sexo y sistema de salud. La inspección visual fue el método diagnóstico más frecuente y la crema de imiquimod el tratamiento más común. Hubo diferencias en el uso de herramientas diagnósticas y terapéuticas según sexo del paciente, especialidad del médico y sistema de salud. Conclusiones: Existe una alta prevalencia de VG, que debería ser tomada en cuenta para planificar las intervenciones de salud pública para abordar este problema.

Introduction: Condylomas or genital warts (GW) are the most frequently diagnosed sexually transmitted infection (STI) in STI centers in Chile, but there are no population statistics available. Objectives: To describe the prevalence of GW in patients from 18-60 years of age who attend outpatient dermatology, gynecology and urology practice; the demographic characteristics of the patients and the diagnostic and treatment tools. Methods: A sample of Chilean specialists stratified by region, population and gender of patients was provided with a logbook and answered a questionnaire. Results: The GW prevalence was 2.44% for the whole group; 3.76% for the 18-34 age group and 1.29% for the 35-60 years group (p = 0.0000). The average age of patients with GW was 29.4 years in women and 32.7 years in men (p = 0.019). The distribution by age was different according to gender and health system. Visual inspection was the most frequent diagnostic method used and imiquimod cream the most common treatment, however, there were differences in the use of diagnostic and therapeutic tools according to the patient's gender, specialty of the doctor and health system. Conclusions: The high prevalence of GW confirmed the need and importance of public health interventions to address this problem.

Incidence, psychosocial burden, and economic impact of genital warts in Mexico / Incidencia, carga psicosocial e impacto económico de las verrugas genitales en México

Abstract: Objective: To estimate the burden of genital warts (GW) in Mexico. Materials and methods: We estimated the annual incidence of GW based on data reported by specialist physicians. We also assessed GW treatment practices, the average cost of treatment, and the psychosocial burden of GW among patients. Results: The annual incidence of GW in Mexico was estimated to be 547 200 cases. Treatment procedures vary by specialist and patient gender. The estimated annual cost was $195 million USD. The psychosocial impact of GW was slightly greater in males than females. Conclusions: This is the first evaluation of the burden of GW in Mexico. Our data suggest that GW are common, with significant health-related costs and psychosocial impact.

Resumen: Objetivo: Estimar la carga por verrugas genitales (VG) en México. Material y métodos: Estimamos la incidencia anual de VG, con base en información proporcionada por médicos especialistas y el manejo de las VG, así como el costo promedio del tratamiento y la carga psicosocial de las VG. Resultados: La incidencia anual de VG en México fue de 547 200 casos. Los tratamientos variaron según la especialidad y el sexo del paciente. El costo anual por VG fue de $195 millones de dólares estadounidenses. El impacto psicosocial de las VG es ligeramente mayor en hombres que en mujeres. Conclusiones: Esta es la primera evaluación de la carga de VG en México. Los datos sugieren que las VG son frecuentes, tienen costos relacionados con salud e impactos psicosociales significativos.

Incidence of external genital lesions related to human papillomavirus among Mexican men. A cohort study / Incidencia de lesiones genitales externas relacionadas con el virus del papiloma humano entre hombres mexicanos. Un estudio de cohorte

Abstract: Objective: To determine external genital lesion (EGL) incidence -condyloma and penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN)- and genital HPV-genotype progression to these EGLs. Materials and methods: Participants (healthy males 18-74y from Cuernavaca, Mexico, recruited 2005-2009, n=954) underwent a questionnaire, anogenital examination, and sample collection every six months; including excision biopsy on suspicious EGL with histological confirmation. Linear array assay PCR characterized 37 high/low-risk HPV-DNA types. EGL incidence and cumulative incidence were calculated, the latter with Kaplan-Meier. Results: EGL incidence was 1.84 (95%CI=1.42-2.39) per 100-person-years (py); 2.9% (95%CI=1.9-4.2) 12-month cumulative EGL. Highest EGL incidence was found in men 18-30 years: 1.99 (95%CI=1.22-3.25) per 100py. Seven subjects had PeIN I-III (four with HPV16). HPV11 most commonly progresses to condyloma (6-month cumulative incidence=44.4%, 95%CI=14.3-137.8). Subjects with high-risk sexual behavior had higher EGL incidence. Conclusion: In Mexico, anogenital HPV infection in men is high and can cause condyloma. Estimation of EGL magnitude and associated healthcare costs is necessary to assess the need for male anti-HPV vaccination.

Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar incidencia de lesiones genitales externas (LGE) -condiloma y neoplasia intraepitelial del pene (NIP)- y progresión de genotipos de VPH a LGE. Material y métodos: Se aplicaron cuestionarios, examen anogenital y recolección de muestras cada seis meses a hombres sanos (18-74 años, de Cuernavaca, México, reclutados 2005-2009, n=954) con biopsia y confirmación histológica. Se caracterizaron 37 tipos de ADN-VPH; se calculó incidencia de LGE (cumulativa con Kaplan-Meier). Resultados: Incidencia de LGE=1.84 (IC95%=1.42-2.39) por 100-persona-años (pa); 2.9% (IC95%=1.9-4.2) LGE acumulativa a 12 meses. Mayor incidencia de LGE entre hombres 18-30 años; 1.99 (IC95%=1.22-3.25) por 100pa. Siete sujetos tuvieron NIP I-III. VPH-11 más comúnmente progresa a condiloma (incidencia acumulativa a seis meses=44.4%, IC95%=14.3-137.8). Los sujetos con comportamiento sexual de alto riesgo tuvieron mayor incidencia de LGE. Conclusiones: En México la infección anogenital con VPH es alta y puede causar condiloma. La estimación de magnitud de LGE y los costos sanitarios asociados se necesita para evaluar la necesidad de vacunación contra VPH en hombres.

Prevalence and incidence of anal human papillomavirus infection in Mexican men: Need for universal prevention policies / Prevalencia e incidencia de infección por virus de papiloma humano en canal anal en hombres mexicanos: Necesidad de políticas de prevención universal

Abstract: Objective: Describe the natural history of anal HPV among men. Materials and methods: Prospective study among men 18-70 years (n=665), from Cuernavaca, Mexico who completed questionnaires and provided specimens (HPV genotyped) at enrollment and 1+ follow-up visit. HPV prevalence and incidence were estimated. Prevalence ratios were calculated with Poisson regression using robust variance estimation. Person-time for incident HPV infection was estimated using number of events modeled as Poisson variable for total person-months. Results: Anal infection prevalence: any HPV type=15%, high-risk=8.4%, HPV16=1.4%, tetravalent vaccine types (4vHPV)=4.4%, nonavalent vaccine types (9vHPV)=6.3%. Factors associated with prevalence: 50+ lifetime female sex partners (adjusted prevalence ratio, a PR=3.25, 95% CI:1.12-9.47), 10+ lifetime male sex partners (aPR=3.06, 95%CI:1.4-6.68), and 1+ recent male anal sex partners (aPR=2.28, 95%CI:1.15-4.5). Anal incidence rate: high-risk HPV=7.8/1 000 person-months (95%CI:6.0-10.1), HPV16=1.8/1 000 person-months (95%CI:1.1-2.9),4vHPV=3.4/1 000 person-months (95%CI:2.3-4.9) and 9vHPV=5.5/1000 person-months (95%CI:4.1-7.5). Conclusions: Implementation of universal HPV vaccination programs, including men, is a public health priority.

Resumen: Objetivo: Generar evidencia que apoye la vacunación universal contra VPH. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo con hombres 18-70 años (n=665) de Cuernavaca, México con cuestionarios y genotipificación de VPH en muestras (2+mediciones). Se estimó prevalencia e incidencia; se calcularon tasas de prevalencia con regresión Poisson. Se estimó persona-tiempo para infecciones incidentes. Resultados: Prevalencia de infección anal: cualquier tipo de VPH=15%, alto-riesgo=8.4%, VPH16=1.4%, tipos en vacuna tetravalente=4.4% y tipos en vacuna nonavalente=6.3%. Factores asociados con infección prevalente: 50+ parejas sexuales femeninas en la vida (tasa de prevalencia ajustada, TPa=3.25, IC95%:1.12-9.47); 10+ parejas sexuales masculinas en la vida (TPa=3.06, IC95%:1.4-6.68) y 1+ parejas masculinas (sexo anal) recientes (TPa=2.28, IC95%:1.15-4.5). Tasas de incidencia para infección anal: VPH alto-riesgo=7.8/1000 persona-meses (IC95%:6.0-10.1), VPH 16=1.8/1000 persona-meses (95%IC:1.1-2.9), tipos en vacuna tetravalente=3.4/1000 persona-meses y tipos en vacuna nonavalente=5.5/1000 persona-meses. Conclusiones: Implementación de programas de vacunación universal (incluyendo hombres) contra VPH es una prioridad en salud pública.

Caracterización clínico- epidemiológica de la infección por condiloma acuminado. Poli-clínico Universitario "Marta Abreu". Abril 2011-diciembre 2012 / Clinical-epidemiological characterization of infection by condyloma acuminatum. Poli-clínico Universitario "Marta Abreu". April 2011-December 2012

Fue efectuado un estudio descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo, en el Policlínico Universi-tario "Marta Abreu ", en la ciudad de Santa Clara, provincia Villa Clara, Cuba, en el período comprendido desde abril del 2011 hasta diciembre del año 2012, con el objetivo de caracteri-zar la relación clínico-epidemiológica en pacientes portadores de la infección por condiloma acuminado. Los pacientes que acudieron a la consulta dermatológica del policlínico, tres mil trescientos cincuenta y cuatro (3 354), representaron el universo y la muestra tomada estuvo integrada por 49 afectados con diagnóstico clínico de condiloma acuminado, la cual estuvo determinada a través del método de muestreo de conveniencia. Se obtuvo la información del cuestionario (Anexo I); aplicado a los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de condiloma acumi-nado, del Departamento de Estadísticas, las Historias Clínicas Individuales y Entrevistas, revistas científicas y de las fuentes actualizadas del internet. El condiloma acuminado, llama-do por lo general verruga genital o verruga venérea, es considerado como la ITS más frecuen-te y ocupa el segundo lugar en importancia tras el VIH/SIDA. Según el estudio realizado, la infección por condiloma acuminado predominó en las edades entre 20 y 29 años; sexo mas-culino e inicio las relaciones sexuales en edades tempranas a los 15 o 17 años; uso eventual del condón y múltiples parejas sexuales en el año. Predominó el tratamiento tópico a través de la podofilina al 25% y la evolución fue insatisfactoria.

A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective study was carried out at the Policlínico Universi-tario "Marta Abreu", in the city of Santa Clara, province of Villa Clara, Cuba, in the period from April 2011 to December 2012. It aimed to characterize the clinical-epidemiological relationship in patients with condyloma acuminatum infection. Three thousand three hundred fifty four (3 354) patients who were attended in the dermatological consultation represented the universe; the sample taken of 49 affected patients with clinical diagnosis of condyloma acuminatum was determined through the method of convenience sampling. The information was collected from the questionnaire(Annex I) applied to patients with a clinical diagnosis of condyloma acuminatum, from the Department of Statistics, Individual Clinical Stories and Interviews, scientific journals and updated Internet sources. The condyloma acuminatum (usually called genital wart or venereal wart) is considered the most frequent STI and ranks second in importance after HIV / AIDS. Infection by condyloma acuminatum in the ages between 20 and 29 years, male sex, initiation of sexual relations at an early age at 15 or 17 years old, eventual use of the condom, and multiple sexual partners in the year predominated according to the study conducted. Topical treatment with podophyllin at 25% predominated and the evolution was unsatisfactory.

HPV-related external genital lesions among men residing in Brazil

Abstract The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of external genital lesions (EGLs), specifically histologically confirmed condyloma (genital warts) and Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PeIN), and genital HPV infection progression to EGLs among healthy men aged 18-73 residing in Brazil. Subjects included 1118 men enrolled in the HPV Infection in Men (HIM) study between July 2005 and June 2009. At each visit, EGLs were biopsied and subjected to pathological evaluation. HPV status in genital swabs and biopsies was determined by Linear Array and INNO-LiPA, respectively. Age-specific EGLs incidence and the proportion and median time to EGL development were estimated. Kaplan-Meier cumulative incidence rates at 6, 12, and 24 months were determined. During follow-up, 73 men developed an incident EGL. Men could develop multiple EGLs and there were 36 men with condyloma, 27 men with lesions suggestive of condyloma, six men with PeIN, and 20 men with non-HPV lesions. HPV-positive men who developed EGLs were younger (p = 0.002) than men that did not develop lesions. Among the 815 men with HPV infection, 4% progressed to EGL with the same HPV detected in the swab. During follow up, 15.7% of genital HPV-6 and HPV-11 infections progressed to condyloma (median progression time of nine months for HPV-6 versus 6.8 months for HPV-11). Approximately 1% of HPV-16 infections progressed to PeIN with a median progression time of 25 months. HPV types covered by the 4-valent HPV vaccine were detected in 82.3% and 83.3% of condyloma and PeIN, respectively. The high burden of HPV and high frequency of progression to disease underscores the need to offer HPV prophylactic vaccination to men to reduce the overall burden of infection and diseases caused by HPV.

Prevalência e fatores associados à violência entre parceiros íntimos após a revelação do diagnóstico de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis ao parceiro / Prevalence of intimate partner violence and associated factors after disclosing the diagnosis of a sexually transmissible disease / Prevalencia y factores asociados a prácticas violentas entre parejas sentimentales tras la revelación del diagnóstico de enfermedades sexualmente transmisibles

Resumo: O objetivo do trabalho é investigar os fatores associados à violência por parceiro íntimo perpetrada após a revelação do diagnóstico de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DST), em Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Estudo transversal realizado com 221 pessoas atendidas em serviços de referência para DST. Realizou-se análise multivariada com modelo de regressão logística. Praticaram algum tipo de violência por parceiro íntimo após a revelação do diagnóstico 28,1% das pessoas. Praticar violência por parceiro íntimo apresentou associação com o uso de álcool (OR = 2,79; IC95%: 1,25-6,22; p = 0,012), o parceiro ter se relacionado com outra pessoa durante o relacionamento atual (OR = 4,71; IC95%: 2,24-9,91; p = 0,000), ter cometido violência anterior à DST (OR = 2,87; IC95%: 1,22-6,73; p = 0,015) e ter sofrido violência após o diagnóstico de DST (OR = 6,53; IC95%: 3,06-13,93; p = 0,000). A violência por parceiro íntimo após a revelação do diagnóstico de DST sinaliza que profissionais que atendem esta demanda devem identificar as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo paciente ao revelar o diagnóstico ao parceiro.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate factors associated with intimate partner violence after disclosing the diagnosis of sexually transmissible diseases (STDs) in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil. This cross-sectional study enrolled 221 individuals treated at STD clinics. Multivariate logistic regression was performed. A total of 28.1% of individuals committed some type of intimate partner violence after disclosure of the diagnosis. Committing intimate partner violence was associated with alcohol use (OR = 2.79; 95%CI: 1.25-6.22; p = 0.012), the partner having relations with someone else during the current relationship (OR = 4.71; 95%CI: 2.24-9.91; p = 0.000), a history of violence prior to the STD (OR = 2.87; 95%CI: 1.22-6.73; p = 0.015), and having suffered violence after diagnosis of the STD (OR = 6.53; 95%CI: 3.06-13.93; p = 0.000). Intimate partner violence following disclosure of the STD signals that health professionals should identify patients' difficulties in revealing an STD diagnosis to their partners.

Resumen: El objetivo del estudio es investigar los factores asociados a la violencia por parejas sentimentales perpetrados tras la revelación del diagnóstico de enfermedades de tranmisión sexual (ETS), en Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Estudio transversal realizado con 221 personas atendidas en servicios de referencia para DST. Se usó la razón de oportunidad con un intervalo de confianza de un 95%. Practicaron algún tipo de violencia por parejas sentimentales tras la revelación del diagnóstico, 28,1% de las personas. Practicar violencia por parejas sentimentales presentó asociación con el uso de alcohol (OR: 2,79; IC95%: 1,25-6,22; p = 0,012), que el compañero se hubiera relacionado con otra persona durante la relación actual (OR: 4,71; IC95%: 2,24-9,91; p = 0,000), haber cometido violencia anterior a ETS (OR: 2,87; IC95%: 1,22-6,73; p = 0,015) y haber sufrido violencia tras el diagnóstico de ETS (OR: 6,53; IC95%: 3,06-13,93; p = 0,000). La violencia por parejas sentimentales tras la revelación del diagnóstico de ETS indica que profesionales que atienden esa demanda, deben identificar las dificultades enfrentadas por el paciente al revelar el diagnóstico al compañero.

Multiple Human Papillomavirus Infection Is Associated with High-Risk Infection in Male Genital Warts in Ulsan, Korea

Further understanding of male human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is necessary to prevent infection in men, as well as transmission to women. In our current study, we investigated patterns of HPV infection and genotype distributions in male genital warts using the Anyplex II HPV28 Detection kit. We reviewed the medical records of 80 male patients who presented to 5 neighborhood clinics in Ulsan, Korea, for the treatment of genital warts between April 2014 and January 2015. All patients underwent HPV genotyping. The prevalence and characteristics of HPV infection were analyzed, and the patterns of HPV infection according to age were assessed. Among the study patients, 13 (16.3%) were negative for HPV infection, 46 (57.3%) were infected with low-risk HPV, and 21 (26.3%) were infected with high-risk HPV. Patients with multiple HPV infection were more likely to have high-risk HPV infection (P = 0.001). The prevalence of HPV infection was much higher in samples obtained by tissue excision due to a definite lesion (P = 0.001). There were no differences in high-risk HPV infection (P = 0.459), multiple HPV infection (P = 0.185), and recurrence at diagnosis (P = 0.178) according to age. HPV-6 and HPV-11 were the most common type overall (39.7% and 13.8%, respectively). HPV-16 and HPV-18 were the most common high-risk infections (both 3.4%). HPV infection is not only commonly encountered in male genital warts, but is also accompanied by high-risk HPV and multiple infections.

Condiloma acuminado y embarazo. Consideraciones en la atención prenatal / Condyloma Acuminatum and pregnancy. Considerations of the prenatal attention

Fundamento: El condiloma acuminata prevalece en la población mundial elevando su incidencia en los últimos años; afectando proporcionalmente a la población gestante. Un número elevado de embarazadas son sometidas a la operación cesárea por esta causa, elevando los riesgos de morbimortalidad perinatal. El conocimiento del modo de trasmisión durante el embarazo, las consecuencias para la descendencia y la conducta a seguir ante las verrugas genitales durante la gestación, pueden contribuir a modificar el manejo de esta enfermedad durante la atención prenatal. Objetivo: Analizar algunas evidencias necesarias para un adecuado seguimiento prenatal en las gestantes que padecen de condiloma verrucoso genital. Desarrollo: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva y actualizada acerca de las vías de trasmisión de la madre al hijo y la conducta obstétrica en las gestantes afectadas por condilomas acuminados. Conclusiones: Las evidencias científicas que se sintetizan en la revisión nos muestran que la condilomatosis genital durante el embarazo puede ser trasmitida de la madre al hijo por diferentes vías; no evitando la cesárea electiva la infección viral al recién nacido. Diversos tratamientos aplicados de forma adecuada durante la atención prenatal pueden disminuir este riesgo.

Background: The Condyloma acuminatun prevails in the world population increasing its incidence in the last few years and affecting proportionally to the population in the gestation period. A high number of pregnant women are submissive to a caesarean operation for this cause, increasing the risk of perinatal morbimortality. The knowledge of the way of transmission during the pregnancy, the consequences for the descent and the conduct to follow in the presence of genitals wart during the gestation, can contribute to modify the management of this disease during the prenatal attention. Objective: Analyze some evidences needed for an adequate prenatal pursuit in women that suffer condyloma acuminatum in the gestation period. Development: An exhausted and actual bibliography study was done about the way of transmission from the mother to her child and the obstetric conduct in women in the gestation period affected by the condyloma acuminatum. Conclusions: The scientific evidence summarized in the study showed us that genital condylomatosis during pregnancy can be transmitted from the mother to her child by different ways, not only avoiding the elected caesarean operation the viral infection to the newborn. Different treatments applied correctly during the prenatal attention can decrease this risk.

Verrugas anogenitales y sospecha de abuso sexual infantojuvenil / Anogenital warts and suspicion of child sexual abuse

El presente trabajo se refiere a las lesiones por verrugas anogenitales producidas por el virus de papiloma humano (HPV) en niños. Describe el diagnóstico, la epidemiología, los modos de transmisión, los diagnósticos diferenciales y su relación con el cáncer a largo plazo; también, la presencia de verrugas anogenitales como indicador de abuso sexual infantojuvenil. Finalmente, incluye sugerencias para el pediatra en el manejo de estos pacientes y sus familias.

This article deals with anogenital warts (AGW) injuries caused by human papiloma virus (HPV) in children. Diagnosis, epidemiology, modes of transmission, differential diagnosis, relationship between AGW and cancer are descript. Also, it remarks the presence of AGW as indicator of child sexual abuse. Finally, it includes suggestions for the management of patients and their families by the paediatrician.

Intervención educativa sobre el condiloma acuminado en mujeres en edad fértil / Educational intervention on condyloma acuminata in childbearing-age women

Introducción: el condiloma acuminado producido por el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) es una infección de transmisión sexual frecuente en las mujeres en edad fértil. Objetivo: incrementar el nivel de conocimiento de la infección por VPH. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de intervención educativa en mujeres en edad fértil atendidas en la consulta de ginecología del Hospital Centenario de la provincia de Camagüey...

Introduction: condyloma acuminatum caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection in women of childbearing age. Objective: to increase the level of knowledge of HPV infection. Methods: An educational intervention study was conducted in women of childbearing age assisted at the Gynecology Hospital Centenario in Camaguey province. The universe consisted of 32 patients treated in this consultation from 1. January 1st 2009 to January 31st, 2010. An initial questionnaire was given to those patients who expressed their consent in relation to knowledge about ways of infection, clinical manifestations and complications...

Eficacia terapéutica comparativa entre la podofilina y el allium sativum en el condiloma acuminado / Comparative therapeutic eficiency between podophylline and allium savitum in verruga acuminata

Se realizó un estudio abierto, controlado, para comparar la eficacia de podofilina 25 por ciento y Allium sativum en el tratamiento del Condiloma Acuminado. Se incluyeron al azar 30 pacientes: 15, en el grupo A y 15, en el grupo B, en la consulta dermatológica del Hospital Universitario Celia Sánchez Manduley (2006-2007); aplicando al grupo A podofilina 25 por ciento, 2 veces a la semana, y el grupo B Allium sativum, 2 veces por semana. Ambos productos tópicamente por 6 semanas. La eficacia terapéutica fue evaluada una semana después de culminar el tratamiento comparando el estado inicial y final de las lesiones. A los pacientes curados, se les realizó seguimiento trimestral durante un año para detectar posibles recidivas. La eficacia terapéutica fue mejor en el grupo B (73,3 por ciento) con menos recidivas (9,1 por ciento), aunque estadísticamente la diferencia fue poco significativa. El resultado empezó a verse generalmente entre la 3-4 semana del tratamiento. Se demostró la eficacia del Allium sativum en esta dermatosisAU)

An opened and controlled study was carried-out, to compare the efficiency of Podophylline 25 percent and Allium sativum in the treatement of verruca acuminata. 30 patients were taken at random: 15 in group A and 15 in group B in the Dermatology consultation of Celia Sánchez M. Universitary Hospital in the year 2006-2007; applaying to group A, Podophylline 25 percent twice per week and Allium savitum to group B twice per week. Both products per six weeks. The therapeutic efficiency was evaluated a week after finishing the treatment comparing the initial state and final lesion. To the cured patients a tracking every three months was carried out during the whole year to detect possible relapses. The therapeutic efficiency was better in group B (73,3 percent) with less relapses (9,1 percent), although statistically the difference was less significant. The results started to be seen between the three-four weeks of treatment. The eficiency of Allium sativum was proved in this dermatoid lesions(AU)

Prevalência de condiloma acuminado no município de Campo Grande - Mato Grosso do Sul, no período de 2006 a 2009 / Prevalence of genital warts in Campo Grande - Mato Grosso do Sul in the period 2006 to 2009

O presente estudo visa estimar a prevalência de lesões condilomatosas causadas pela infecção por papilomavírus humano (HPV), no município de CampoGrande - Mato Grosso do Sul, no período de 2006 a 2009. Foi um estudo transversal de prevalência, realizado através de levantamento de dados fornecidos pelo Sistema Nacional de Agravos Notificáveis (SINAN), do município de Campo Grande, no período de 2006 a 2009, após solicitação protocolada. Foram notificados 961 casos de lesões condilomatosas, havendo maior prevalência no sexo masculino; em 2008 houve o maior número de notificações. Em 2009 ocorreu o maior número de casos em pacientes menores de 10 anos. A grande maioria foi diagnosticada com menos de 3 meses de evolução. Foi observada elevação crescente da infecção ao longo do período estudado, com ênfase para os casos novos em crianças com menos de 10 anos, o que infere aumento da incidência em pacientes gestantes, repercutindo em um maior índice de transmissão vertical. Também é notório o salto observado no número de casos na transição entre a pré-adolescência e a adolescência, inferindo o início da atividade sexual precoce destas pacientes.

This study aims to estimate the prevalence of condyloma lesions caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), in Campo Grande - Mato Grossodo Sul in the period 2006 to 2009. It was a cross-sectional study of prevalence conducted through a survey of data provided by the National Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) of Campo Grande in the period 2006 to 2009, after request filed. Were reported 961 cases of condyloma lesions, with prevalence amongmales; in 2008 was higher numbers of notifications. In 2009 occurred the greatest number of cases in patients younger than 10 years. The vast majority werediagnosed under 3 months. Was observed growing areas of infection throughout the period studied, with emphasis on new cases in children younger than 10years, which implies increased incidence in pregnant patients resulting in higher rate of vertical transmission, and is also notorious jump observed in the number of cases in the transition from pre-adolescence and adolescence, inferring the onset of early sexual activity of these patients.

La quimiopuntura, nueva estrategia de tratamiento del paciente con condiloma acuminado recidivante / Chemopuncture, new strategy to treat patients with recidivant acuminated condyloma

El tratamiento de afecciones médicas basado en la inyección en ciertos puntos acupunturales con productos químicos, mediante la cual la absorción del producto es mucho mayor, se conoce con el nombre de Quimiopuntura o Farmacopuntura. Teniendo en cuenta la alta incidencia de pacientes con condilomas acuminados recidivantes en nuestra consulta y la ausencia de tratamientos que controlen las tasas de recidivas, decidimos evaluar la eficacia de la Quimiopuntura con el empleo de la vitamina B 12 subcutáneo en puntos inmunoestimulantes en Clínica MININT provincial, ya que se conoce la relación de las recidivas de esta afección con el estado inmune de los pacientes afectados. Usando el método de aleatorización simple sin reemplazo, distribuimos a nuestros pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de condilomas acuminados recidivantes en dos grupos (n= 30 para cada grupo). El Grupo A (control) se trató con crioterapia (inmunomodulador tópico) y el Grupo B (experimental) con quimiopuntura. Los pacientes fueron evaluados quincenalmente durante los tratamientos y mensualmente post-tratamiento durante 6 meses. Con esta investigación se demuestra que la quimiopuntura con vitamina B12 es eficaz en el control de la recidiva de los condilomas acuminados.

The treatment of medical affections based on the injections in certain acupunctural points with chemical products, through which the absorption of the products is higher, is known by the name of chemopuncture or pharmacopuncture. Taking into account the high incidence of patients with recidivant acuminated condylomas in our consultation and the lack of treatments controlling the recidivant rate, we decided to evaluate the efficacy of chemopuncture using subcutaneous B 12 vitamin in immunostimulant points at the provincial INTMIN clinic, because it is known the relationship of this affection recidivants with the immune status of the affected patients. Using the simple randomized method without replacement, we divided our patients with a clinic diagnosis of recidivant acuminated condylomas in two groups (n= 30 for each group). The Group A (control) patients were treated with cryotherapy (topic immunomodulator) and the Group B (experimental) patients with chemopuncture. Patients were evaluated fortnightly during the treatment and monthly during six months after the treatment. This investigation showed that chemopuncture with B 12 vitamin is efficacious in controlling the recidivism of the acuminated condylomas.

Infection with human papillomaviruses of sexual partners of women having cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Epidemiological studies show that human papillomaviruses (HPV) are strongly related to cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN). Unlike the case for women, there are no consistent data on the natural history of HPV in the male population even though these viruses are prevalent in males. We carried out a prospective study to assess the prevalence of HPV in males as well as the factors that determine such infections in 99 male sexual partners of women with CIN. The genitalia of the males were physically examined and subjected to peniscopy for the collection of scrapings which were subjected to the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism to detect HPV. Of the 99 males sampled, 54 (54.5 percent) were positive for HPV DNA, 24 percent of whom presented normal peniscopy, 28 percent presented evident clinical lesions and 48 percent isolated lesions consistent with subclinical infection. In the HPV-negative group, 53 percent showed normal peniscopy, 4 percent presented evident clinical lesions and 42 percent isolated lesions consistent with subclinical infection. The study detected a statistically significant association (P < 0.02, Pearson chi-square test) between HPV infection and both the mean number of sexual partners which a male had during his life and the mean number of sexual partners in the year prior to testing. Viral types 6 and 11 were most frequently encountered. The study shows that infection with HPV was frequent in male sexual partners of women with CIN.

Sistematização do atendimento dos portadores de infecção perianal pelo Papilomavirus humano (HPV) / Systematization of the attendance of the carriers of perineal infection for the human papilomavirus (HPV)

O condiloma acuminado anogenital foi a doença sexualmente transmissível mais diagnosticada no Brasil durante o período de 1998 a 2001. Sua incidência vem aumentando nos últimos anos, associada ao AIDS. O diagnóstico na maioria das vezes é clínico e o diagnóstico de certeza é dado pela presença do vírus nos tecidos. Muitos doentes são resistentes ao tratamento e apresentam elevada incidência de recidivas. Pode haver associação com displasias e neoplasias, principalmente em imunodeprimidos, o que ocorre em cerca de 30por cento dos casos. É também descrita a possibilidade de progressão para carcinoma invasivo. Nosso objetivo é apresentar algoritmo de tratamento e seguimento de portadores de infecção perianal pelo HPV para redução das recidivas e controle da evolução para carcinoma invasivo. As verrugas regrediram totalmente em 37,2por cento e diminuíram em tamanho e número em 43,1por cento dos casos com o tratamento tópico. Essa diminuição facilitou a operação e a recuperação do doente. O tratamento foi inútil em outros 19,6por cento. As taxas de recidiva atingiram 51por cento em até seis meses. O tratamento das lesões recidivadas foi semelhante ao do pré-operatório. O tratamento clínico tópico não teve efeito em 42por cento dos pacientes, que necessitaram de reintervenção cirúrgica. O exame histológico mostrou NIA de baixo grau em 81,44por cento e NIA de alto grau de malignização em 18,56por cento dos doentes. No seguimento, não observamos evolução para carcinoma invasivo. Realizamos a anuscopia com ampliação de imagens após a cicatrização das verrugas perianais e na ausência de lesões clínicas e a cada seis meses até que três resultados negativos consecutivos. Notamos lesão subclínica em um quarto dos doentes. Em caso de recidiva, voltamos ao protocolo inicial. Drogas imunoterápicas podem ser usadas na doença crônica e recidivante. A experiência adquirida no manejo de doentes portadores de condilomas acuminados perianais permitiu a aplicação do presente algoritmo de tratamento.

Papel do papilomavirus humano (HPV) na genese do carcinoma de colo de utero: suas implicacoes atuais no rastreio / Role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the pathogenesis of uterine cervical cancer; implications for screening

Neste trabalho a literatura recente em relacao as seguintes questoes e revisada: 1) qual e a prevalencia HPV, em mulheres cujo exame citopatologico foi normal? 2) existe correlacao entre a morfologia citologica ou histologica e o tipo de HPV? 3) qual e a historia natural da infeccao pelo HPV do colo uterino? 4) quando determinar o tipo de HPV por biologia molecular? 5) que alteracoes nas estrategias de rastreamento populacional esses novos conhecimentos estao a exigir? e 6) que expectativa devemos ter em relacao as vacinas profilaticas e curativas em estudo?

Condiloma acuminado em crianças e adolescentes / Condyloma acuminatum in children and adolescents

Objetivo: analisar os fatores epidemiológicos, manifestaçoes clínicas e forma de tratamento da infecçao pelo papilomavírus. Métodos: todos os casos de condiloma acuminado em crianças e adolescentes atendidas no período de 1990 a 1995 no Ambulatório de Ginecologia Infanto-Puberal foram revisados, tendo sido coletados dados referentes a idade, manifestaçoes clínicas, local das lesoes, formas de transmissao e tratamento. Resultados: entre os 18 casos estudados, a média de idade foi de 6 anos e 11 meses (variando de 2 a 15 anos). A manifestaçao clínica mais comum foi a presença de verrugas (61,1 por cento). As lesoes eram localizadas na regiao vulvoperineal em 44,4 por cento das pacientes, sendo que lesoes perianais e vulvares foram observadas em 27,8 por cento e 22,2 por cento dos casos, respectivamente. Nao foi possível confirmar a ocorrência de abuso sexual nem de lesoes condilomatosas nos pais em 66,7 por cento dos casos. Provável abuso sexual (nao confirmado) foi relatado em 2 casos. A terapêutica básica foi a cauterizaçao química. Conclusoes: o abuso sexual em crianças e adolescentes com condiloma acuminado deve ser investigado, apesar da existência de outras formas de transmissao, incluindo auto ou heteroinoculaçao. As formas de apresentaçao na idade jovem diferem das do adulto, sendo necessária uma terapêutica adequada a essa populaçao.

Virus del papiloma humano. Aspectos epidemiológicos, carcinogenéticos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos / Human papillomavirus. epidemiologic aspects, oncogenesis, diagnosis and management

El papiloma virus humano (HPV) es una de las infecciones más comunes en las mujeres. La historia natural del HPV ha cambiado, así como su diagnóstico y tratamiento. El cuadro clínico es variable, con remisión y exacerbaciones. Con los avances de la biología molecular, su diagnóstico y tipificación han modificado su tratamiento. Existen diversos tratamientos que dependen de la experiencia del médico y de las características de la paciente, algunas veces su erradicación es imposible ya que nunca desaparece del aparato genital

Tratamiento de la infección genital por virus del papiloma humano durante la gestación / Treatmentof genital infections by human papiloma virus during pregnancy

La infección genital por Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH) puede afectar mujeres, varones e incluso estos. En algunos sitios es incluso la enfermedad de transmisión sexual más frecuente. En las últimas dos décadas ha tomado crecimiento importancia por la posibilidad de afectar al bebé a su paso por el canal del parto infectado provocándole Papilomatosis Laríngea Juvenil así como lesiones virales en conjuntiva e incluso en genitales. Se ha propuesto que la realización de operación cesárea evita dicho riesgo. Información reciente muestra que este abordaje no solo es insuficiente, sino que es exagerado en la mayoría de los casos. Se propone como alternativa efectuar un abordaje integral que incluya realización de colposcopía y biopsia de las lesiones sospechosas, seguido de tratamiento de las zonas infectadas y seguimiento estrecho. Los recursos terápeuticos más valiosos con la crioterapia, laser, electrocauterio y ácido tricoloroacético. La realización de operación cesárea se limitaría entonces a los casos refractarios a tratamiento, aquellos diagnosticados tardíamente o en los que las lesiones voluminosas provoquen distocia. El manejo debe inclir valoración diagnóstica de la(s) pareja(s) sexual(es) de la mujer así como del neonato, con tratamiento subsecuente -de ser necesario- según el caso